Generation of a humanized mAce2 and a conditional hACE2 mouse models permissive to SARS-COV-2 infection

Mamm Genome. 2024 Jun;35(2):113-121. doi: 10.1007/s00335-024-10033-8. Epub 2024 Mar 15.

Abstract

The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a public health concern and a subject of active research effort. Development of pre-clinical animal models is critical to study viral-host interaction, tissue tropism, disease mechanisms, therapeutic approaches, and long-term sequelae of infection. Here, we report two mouse models for studying SARS-CoV-2: A knock-in mAce2F83Y,H353K mouse that expresses a mouse-human hybrid form of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor under the endogenous mouse Ace2 promoter, and a Rosa26 conditional knock-in mouse carrying the human ACE2 allele (Rosa26hACE2). Although the mAce2F83Y,H353K mice were susceptible to intranasal inoculation with SARS-CoV-2, they did not show gross phenotypic abnormalities. Next, we generated a Rosa26hACE2;CMV-Cre mouse line that ubiquitously expresses the human ACE2 receptor. By day 3 post infection with SARS-CoV-2, Rosa26hACE2;CMV-Cre mice showed significant weight loss, a variable degree of alveolar wall thickening and reduced survival rates. Viral load measurements confirmed inoculation in lung and brain tissues of infected Rosa26hACE2;CMV-Cre mice. The phenotypic spectrum displayed by our different mouse models translates to the broad range of clinical symptoms seen in the human patients and can serve as a resource for the community to model and explore both treatment strategies and long-term consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

MeSH terms

  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2* / genetics
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2* / metabolism
  • Animals
  • COVID-19* / genetics
  • COVID-19* / pathology
  • COVID-19* / virology
  • Disease Models, Animal*
  • Gene Knock-In Techniques
  • Humans
  • Lung / metabolism
  • Lung / pathology
  • Lung / virology
  • Mice
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • SARS-CoV-2* / genetics

Substances

  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
  • ACE2 protein, human
  • Ace2 protein, mouse