Use of oral fluid to examine the molecular epidemiology of varicella zoster virus in the United Kingdom and continental Europe

J Infect Dis. 2013 Feb 15;207(4):588-93. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jis649. Epub 2012 Oct 19.

Abstract

We investigated oral fluid (OF) as an alternative to sampling of rashes for varicella zoster virus (VZV) genotyping and further characterized VZV clade prevalence in the United Kingdom and Europe. VZV was detected in up to 91% of OF specimens. Paired OF and vesicle fluid samples contained identical VZV clades. While clades 1 and 3 were the most prevalent across the United Kingdom and Europe, in Western Europe, clade 5 viruses were circulating. Viruses from the same outbreak belonged to different clades, but no clade was associated with a severe-disease phenotype. OF is suitable and convenient for large-scale molecular epidemiological studies of VZV.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Chickenpox / epidemiology*
  • Chickenpox / virology
  • Europe / epidemiology
  • Genotype
  • Herpes Zoster / epidemiology*
  • Herpes Zoster / virology
  • Herpesvirus 3, Human / genetics*
  • Herpesvirus 3, Human / isolation & purification
  • Humans
  • Molecular Epidemiology*
  • Mouth / virology
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide*
  • Prevalence
  • Saliva / virology*
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Skin / pathology
  • Skin / virology
  • United Kingdom / epidemiology