An auxiliary peptide required for the function of two activation domains in upstream stimulatory factor 2 (USF2) transcription factor

Genes Funct. 1997 Apr;1(2):87-97. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-4624.1997.00014.x.

Abstract

Ubiquitous upstream stimulatory factors (USF1, USF2a and USF2b) are members of the basic-helix-loop-helix-leucine-zipper family of transcription factors that have been shown to be involved in the transcriptional response of the L-type pyruvate kinase (L-PK) gene to glucose. To understand the mechanisms of action of the USF2 isoforms, we initiated a series of co-transfection assays with deletion mutants and Ga14-USF2 fusions. The transactivating efficiency of the different native and mutant factors was determined at similar DNA binding activity. We found that: (i) exons 3- and 5-encoded regions are activation domains, (ii) a modulator domain encoded by exon 4 could be necessary to their additive action, (iii) a hexapeptide encoded by the first 5' codons of exon 6 is indispensable for transmitting activation due to both exon 3- and exon 5-encoded domains to the transcriptional machinery. Therefore, USF2 presents a modular structure and mediates transcriptional activation thanks to two non-autonomous activation domains dependent on an auxiliary peptide for expressing their activating potential.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Base Sequence
  • DNA Primers
  • DNA-Binding Proteins*
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Peptides / metabolism*
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / chemistry
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism
  • Transcription Factors / chemistry
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism*
  • Transcriptional Activation*
  • Upstream Stimulatory Factors

Substances

  • DNA Primers
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Peptides
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • Transcription Factors
  • USF1 protein, human
  • USF2 protein, human
  • Upstream Stimulatory Factors