Long-range transcriptional regulation of cytokine gene expression

Curr Opin Immunol. 1998 Jun;10(3):345-52. doi: 10.1016/s0952-7915(98)80174-x.

Abstract

Most studies on the control of cytokine gene expression have involved the functional analysis of proximal promoters. Recent work has identified distal elements that mediate long-range cytokine gene regulation and has implicated chromatin reorganization in regulation of cytokine gene loci. These studies have begun to elucidate the basis for cell-specificity and high-level expression of cytokine genes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cytokines / biosynthesis
  • Cytokines / genetics*
  • DNA Methylation
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / physiology
  • Enhancer Elements, Genetic
  • Gene Expression Regulation / physiology*
  • Genes
  • Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / biosynthesis
  • Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / genetics
  • Humans
  • Interferon-gamma / biosynthesis
  • Interferon-gamma / genetics
  • Interleukins / biosynthesis
  • Interleukins / genetics
  • Models, Genetic
  • Models, Immunological
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / immunology
  • Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid
  • Signal Transduction
  • T-Lymphocyte Subsets / immunology
  • T-Lymphocyte Subsets / metabolism
  • T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / immunology
  • T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / metabolism*
  • Transcription Factors / physiology
  • Transcription, Genetic / physiology*

Substances

  • Cytokines
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Interleukins
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
  • Transcription Factors
  • Interferon-gamma
  • Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor