For providing the anatomical data of primary molar teeth in China and using for the reference of clinical orthodontics, we measured and analysed the clinical crown of first and second primary molar teeth in 167 children of 4-6 years old finely. Each tooth was measured for 7 items with 9,228 in total. The heights of teeth crowns on buccal site were much taller than that on glossopalatal site except E. The mesial, distal and buccoglossal lenths were much longer on the enlarged part of crown than on the occlusive part. The mean values of symmetric teeth on both sites almost were of no difference. The mean values were not different in age groups (4.5 or 6 years old) either.