Background: Trimetazidine is an antiischemic drug protecting the myocardium from ischemic damage through the preservation of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, without any hemodynamic effect. 99mTc-sestamibi is accumulated by myocytes according to mitochondrial function. As mitochondrial metabolism is thought to be present in hibernating myocardium, the aim of the study was to investigate trimetazidine effects on infarcted and eventually hibernating myocardial areas by means of 99mTc-sestamibi perfusional scintigraphy, comparing them to postoperative recovery of wall motion.
Methods and results: Twelve patients with previous myocardial infarction underwent 2 perfusion imaging tomographic studies at rest with 99mTc-sestamibi, receiving placebo or trimetazidine (60 mg orally), and subsequently underwent revascularization procedures. An echocardiographic study was carried out before and >3 months after revascularization. At polar map analysis of placebo scan, infarcted vascular territories (wall motion score index: 2.65 +/- 0.31) showed 73.7% +/- 10.4% of the territory with activity <2.5 SD from the mean of normals, for a severity (expressed as the sum of the standard deviations below average normal values in all abnormal pixels) of 833.8 +/- 345.7. Polar map analysis of the trimetazidine scan showed tracer uptake increased significantly in 11 of them, by 8.2% +/- 3.0% (p < 0.001) and by 180.3 +/- 111.0 SD (p < 0.001), respectively. Postoperative wall motion score index improved significantly in 9 of these territories (-0.9 +/- 0.4, p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Trimetazidine-associated increase in 99mTc-sestamibi uptake in infarcted but viable myocardial areas is probably related to an improvement in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism that is essential to 99mTc-sestamibi retention. Additionally, coupling trimetazidine administration to 99mTc-sestamibi perfusional scintigraphy may represent a means of detecting viable myocardium.