Primary fallopian tube carcinoma represents less than 1% of all gynecologic malignancies and is therefore one of the less common malignancies of the female genital tract. Fallopian tube carcinoma is rarely diagnosed preoperatively and is often mistaken for benign pelvic disease or ovarian cancer. Compared with ovarian carcinoma, fallopian tube cancer more often presents in early stage but seems to have a worse prognosis, stage for stage. Treatment consists of surgical debulking followed by chemotherapy, adjuvant or otherwise. New studies are needed to better delineate the clinical course, prognostic factors, and appropriate chemotherapy recommendations.