Reading-frame restoration by transcriptional slippage at long stretches of adenine residues in mammalian cells

J Biol Chem. 1997 May 30;272(22):14127-32. doi: 10.1074/jbc.272.22.14127.

Abstract

We previously characterized a mutant apoB allele (the apoB86 allele) that produces both a truncated apoB (apoB86) and a full-length apoB100. The mutant allele contained a deletion of a single cytosine in exon 26, creating a stretch of eight consecutive adenines in the -1 reading frame. The altered reading-frame allele was restored, with approximately 10% efficiency, by the transcriptional insertion of an extra adenine into the stretch of eight consecutive adenines, thereby accounting for the synthesis of the full-length apoB100. Here, we demonstrate that this reading-frame restoration does not occur when the long stretch of adenines is interrupted by a cytosine. To assess whether reading-frame restoration is unique to a single site in the apoB gene, the same mutation (eight consecutive adenines in the -1 reading frame) was inserted into another site within the apoB gene. Reading-frame restoration occurred at the second site and was abrogated when the stretch of adenines was interrupted by another base. Of note, a computerized analysis of human cDNA sequences revealed that long stretches of adenines in protein-coding sequences occur at a lower than predicted frequency, suggesting that evolution has selected against these sequences.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adenine*
  • Alleles*
  • Animals
  • Apolipoproteins B / genetics*
  • Evolution, Molecular
  • Humans
  • Open Reading Frames / genetics
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA
  • Transcription, Genetic

Substances

  • Apolipoproteins B
  • Adenine