We investigated changes in serum levels of gonadotropin and some steroid ovarian hormones in 68 clomiphene-resistant women with polycystic ovary disease. Laparoscopy with the neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser was performed in 32 women (group 1) and cryosurgery in 36 (group 2). The level of the luteinizing hormone (LH) on postoperative days 20 to 24 decreased compared with preoperative levels in both groups (group 1 p <0.05, group 2 p <0.01). Changes were found in the dynamics of correlation of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and LH, the meaning of which also decreased in both groups (p <0.05), although the FSH and prolactin levels did not vary between groups. The progesterone level increased in both groups (group 1 p <0.01, group 2 p <0.05). In addition, the testosterone level decreased in group 1. Ovulation was restored 87.5% and 83.3% of women in groups 1 and 2, respectively. During 6 months of observation, 16 (50%) and 22 (63.9%) women, respectively, conceived. Fertility in these women depended not only on return of hormonal mechanisms to normal, but on the physical factor used for the partial destruction of polycystic ovaries.