Alanine (500 mg/kg body weight) was given orally to 27 healthy full term newborn infants, and the changes in blood glucose, pyruvate, lactate, alanine, glucagon and insulin were determined. Significant increments in blood glucose were found in 15 infants with blood glucose levels below 60 mg/100 ml, 4 of whom showed significant elevation of serum glucagon levels on day 1. This observation suggests that hepatic gluconeogenesis is possible immediately after birth.