Through systematic textual research on Bencao, it is definite that the initial medical variety of Rhizoma Corydalis was Corydalis tartschaninovii produced in the northeast of China. After the Ming Dynasty, it was replaced gradually by the cultivated variety in Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province. At present, Corydalis turtschaninovii should be the variety of first choice among the medical resources of Rhizoma Corydalis.