This study is a retrospective review of 258 procedures on the gallbladder and bile ducts (115 without and 143 with flexible choledochoscope). There were 14 bile duct explorations for stone removal without choledochoscopy and 16 with a flexible choledochoscope. Residual stones were found in 2/14 (14.2%) cases without and 1/16 (6.3%) case with choledochoscope. A review of the literature confirms that there are fewer residual bile duct stones following flexible choledochoscopy. There were no complications attributable to the procedure.