The historical sketch of development of hysteroscopy is presented. At the present time instrumentation consists of the set of precision lenses system, with "cold light" source and the light conveying glass fibre. In order to obtain good visibility and ability to perform surgeries one uses various media for distention of the uterine walls. For diagnostic hysteroscopy the most commonly used medium is carbon dioxide. The most advantageous substances when performing intrauterine procedures are liquid media such as: HYSKON, MANNITOL and GLUCOSE SOLUTION. Indications for hysteroscopy are numerous and they divide into diagnostic and surgical. Hysteroscopy is a very useful procedure in diagnosis and therapy of sterility and diagnosis and therapy of hyperplastic changes of the endometrium. Introduction of resection of the endometrium to hysteroscopy allows us, in certain situations to limit the number of laparatomies. Complications after hysteroscopy do not differ from complications following other gynecological surgeries.