A survey was carried out to determine the prevalence of urinary tract infection (UTI) among primary school children in Awka Local Government Area of Anambra State between March and July, 1987. The asymptomatic survey was carried out by random screening of 100 urine samples of healthy pupils (50 boys and 50 girls) aged between 4-16 years. Results of the survey showed that 6 boys (12%) and 24 girls (48%) were positive for the infection. At the General Hospital, Awka, 100 urine samples of children (34 boys and 66 girls) who came to the hospital complaining of loin pain were studied. Out of this number, 10 boys (29.4%) and 47 girls (71.2%) gave positive results. In so-called healthy children (asymptomatic cases) Pseudomonas aeruginosa was of high incidence in both boys (33.3%) and girls (25.0%) while P. vulgaris occurred only in boys (16.7%). In symptomatic cases, Staphylococcus epidermidis was of the highest incidence: 30.0% in boys and 27.6% in girls. Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella aerogenes, Streptococcus fecalis and Candida albicans were isolated only from girls in both cases.