The potential role of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRLP) in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is briefly reviewed. Structural attributes of TGRLP are related to functional cellular interactions relative to their ability to interact with macrophage receptors and produce foam cells. Unlike low-density lipoproteins (LDL), no prior modification (oxidation or acylation) is necessary with TGRLP from certain hypertriglyceridaemic subjects and certain postprandial-TGRLP before rapid, receptor-mediated lipid engorgement occurs. In addition, arguments are examined that challenge the differing views that this lipoprotein class is not important in atherogenesis.