A 57-year-old woman with nephropathy following a streptococcal infection had received a kidney transplant in 1980 and 1986 and immunosuppressive treatment since 1980. Renal cell carcinoma was found in the right native kidney in 1991, with skeletal metastases. Nephrectomy was performed and radiotherapy given. Removal of non-functioning kidneys would prevent development of such cancer.