To study the role that continuous drinking plays in the pain of chronic pancreatitis, we have examined 67 patients with alcoholic chronic pancreatitis with pain and 29 patients without pain, and we report on their alcoholic habits. Drinking habits played a part 92 (67.6%) of 136 times in patients with pain; in 185 without pain, 86 (46.5%) had continued their drinking habit (p < 0.001). Advanced pancreatic exocrine insufficiency was seen in 27 patients; 11 of them had pain during follow-up, whereas 16 did not. The nondrinker rate was similar in patients with and without pain, whereas among 69 patients with better pancreatic exocrine function, 56 had pain episodes and 13 did not. Alcoholic consumers were significantly more in number in the pain group: 70.4% versus 35% of the no pain group (p < 0.002). Our study shows that drinking alcohol in patients with chronic pancreatitis increased the frequency of painful episodes when there was relatively good pancreatic function, whereas in severe pancreatic insufficiency drinking had less influence on the development of pain.