We studied apolipoprotein (a) (apo(a)) phenotypes of 69 myocardial infarction survivors and 56 stroke patients, and compared them with those of 190 healthy Chinese. The distribution of apo(a) phenotype frequency in cardio-cerebrovascular disease patients was different from those of controls. The frequency of the phenotypes B, S1 and S2 in patients was remarkably higher than that in controls within the same single-band apo(a) phenotype. Moreover, the Lp(a) serum concentrations in CCVD patients were significantly higher than those in controls within the same single-band apo(a) phenotype.