Background: It is frequently assumed that primary care physicians seldom provide psychological interventions to their patients with mental health problems. This study examines self-reports of psychological interventions by family physicians.
Methods: Primary care patients (N = 937) completed a mental health screening form immediately prior to their medical visit. Results were withheld from their seven respective physicians. Following the visit, the physicians were asked to classify the range of psychological interventions they used to manage their patients' emotional problems during the visit. A structured psychiatric diagnostic interview was subsequently administered to a subgroup of the patients (n = 388).
Results: At least one psychological intervention was provided to nearly one fourth (24.1%) of the patients. The interventions included listening to the patient's emotional problems (22.4%), providing advice (19.0%), discussing the patient's mental disorder diagnosis (11.4%), and providing individual counseling (8.4%) or family counseling (0.6%). Two thirds (66.7%) of the patients who reported that their emotional health was poor received at least one of these psychological interventions. In a multivariate model, the likelihood of receiving a psychological intervention was higher for patients who were separated or divorced; those between 45 and 59 years of age; those with less than a college education; those who received disability payments; those who reported poor emotional health; and those who had a positive screening result for panic disorder, major depressive disorder, or obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Conclusions: Primary care physicians may be far more extensively involved in providing psychological interventions than is commonly assumed.