The correlation of HBeAg, anti-HBe, Dane particles and results of light microscopy of liver biopsies have been studied in 109 patients with chronic HBV infection and in 21 HBsAg carriers. The following conclusions may be drawn: 1. There is a good correlation between the presence of HBeAg and Dane particles. 2. Patients with both of these markers often have chronic active or lobular hepatitis. 3. The presence of anti-HBe points in 80% of these cases to a carriership or chronic persistent hepatitis. 4. 60% of patients without an HBe-marker and 20% of patients with anti-HBe exhibit presence of Dane particles.