A total of 132 sera were studied for anti-HTLV antibodies using the Biotech ELISA test. Among the HTL group, two were, one, and the other two (+/-). Among 23 hemophiliacs one was. None of the lympho- and myelo-proliferative disorders, chronic uremics and normal controls showed positive results. Our results show that the ELISA anti-HTLV test is quite specific for HTL and related disorders, but the antibody titers may be low in some cases in the late stage. The significance of frequent high ELISA readings in hepatomas and NPCs awaits for further studies. The occurrence of one hemophiliac with definite positive anti-HTLV calls for a routine screening of the blood preparations for HTLV.