Enhancing information for action: A strategic tool for strengthening public health emergency management systems

Catherine Smallwood; Carlos Matos; Hugo Monteiro; Mark Shapiro; Miranda Tran Ngoc; Mohamed Elamein; Raviv Raz; Samuel Petragallo

doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2025.105791

Enhancing information for action: A strategic tool for strengthening public health emergency management systems

Int J Med Inform. 2025 Jan 16:196:105791. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2025.105791. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Catherine Smallwood¹, Carlos Matos¹, Hugo Monteiro², Mark Shapiro¹, Miranda Tran Ngoc¹, Mohamed Elamein¹, Raviv Raz¹, Samuel Petragallo³

Affiliations

¹ World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe Denmark.
² World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe Denmark. Electronic address: batistah@who.int.
³ World Health Organization Headquarters Switzerland.

PMID: 39862567
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2025.105791

Abstract

Background: This paper addresses the importance of timely and robust information systems that underpin emergency response decision-making, as evidenced during the COVID-19 pandemic in the WHO European Region. Recognizing the relevance of these systems, we propose the strengthening of national emergency response information management systems (ERIMS) within the broader digital health information system (HIS) framework. We aim to develop and present an innovative assessment tool designed to evaluate and assist in the strengthening of ERIMS, contributing to a more resilient and effective emergency response.

Methods: This study presents the development of an ERIMS assessment tool using a systems-based approach and defined standards by the WHO Regional Office for Europe. The tool provides a systematic methodology to evaluate and enhance a country's ERIMS capacity, and is designed to accommodate different information system architecture, emergency response coordination mechanisms, and digitalisation levels. The development process involved consultations with experts in digital health, emergency management, and public health policy, as well as lessons identified through pilot implementation of the assessment tool in several countries.

Main findings: The application of this tool revealed gaps in existing ERIMS and highlighted the importance of digital transformation in emergency management practices. The tool facilitated the identification of priority areas for improvement and supported the establishment of best practices and international standards for digital health initiatives that relate to emergency management.

Conclusions: This assessment tool represents a contribution to the field of digital health and emergency management. It offers a way for countries to enhance their emergency response capabilities, focusing on information for action. By improving ERIMS, countries can ensure better preparedness, timely response and effective recovery from health emergencies, thereby strengthening global health security in the face of future challenges.

Keywords: Capacity strengthening; Digital health; Emergency response; Information management systems; Public health emergency management.