The Epigenetic Machinery and Energy Expenditure: A Network to Be Revealed

Genes (Basel). 2025 Jan 19;16(1):104. doi: 10.3390/genes16010104.

Abstract

Mendelian disorders of the epigenetic machinery (MDEMs) include a large number of conditions caused by defective activity of a member of the epigenetic machinery. MDEMs are characterized by multiple congenital abnormalities, intellectual disability and abnormal growth. that can be variably up- or down-regulated. Background/Objectives: In several MDEMs, a predisposition to metabolic syndrome and obesity since childhood has been reported. Methods: To investigate the metabolic bases of this abnormal growth, we collected physical data from a heterogeneous pool of 38 patients affected by MDEMs. Thirty-five patients performed indirect calorimetry (as a measure of resting energy expenditure, REE) and blood tests to monitor plasmatic nutritional parameters. Conclusions: Although limited by a small-sized and heterogeneous sample, our study demonstrates a linear correlation between REE and physical parameters, OFC, height and weight, and observed a slight imbalance on several plasmatic spies of metabolic syndrome predisposition. Furthermore, we demonstrated a significantly higher REE in Sotos Syndrome type 1 patients compared to the controls, which resulted independent from height, suggesting that impaired metabolism in these patients may go beyond overgrowth.

Keywords: Rubinstein–Taybi; chromatinopathies; metabolism; rest energy expenditure; sotos.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Energy Metabolism* / genetics
  • Epigenesis, Genetic*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Metabolic Syndrome / genetics
  • Metabolic Syndrome / metabolism
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity / genetics
  • Obesity / metabolism
  • Young Adult

Grants and funding

This research received no external funding.