L-Histidine-functionalized KIT-6 with embedded palladium nanoparticles as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for oxidation of sulfide to sulfoxide and amination of aryl halides

Nafis Ahmad; Prakash Kanjariya; G Padma Priya; Anjan Kumar; Rishabh Thakur; R S K Sharma; Mukesh Kumari; Sharnjeet Kaur; Abhinav Kumar; Munther Kadheem

doi:10.1038/s41598-025-86579-7

L-Histidine-functionalized KIT-6 with embedded palladium nanoparticles as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for oxidation of sulfide to sulfoxide and amination of aryl halides

Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 24;15(1):3071. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-86579-7.

Authors

Nafis Ahmad¹, Prakash Kanjariya², G Padma Priya³, Anjan Kumar⁴, Rishabh Thakur⁵, R S K Sharma⁶, Mukesh Kumari⁷, Sharnjeet Kaur⁸, Abhinav Kumar^{9

10}, Munther Kadheem^{11

12}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physics, College of Science, King Khalid University, 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia. nafis.jmi@gmail.com.
² Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Marwadi University Research Center, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat, 360003, India.
³ Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
⁴ Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, India.
⁵ Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India.
⁶ Department of Chemistry, Raghu Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 531162, India.
⁷ Department of Applied Sciences-Chemistry, NIMS Institute of Engineering & Technology, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India.
⁸ Department of Applied Sciences, Chandigarh Engineering College, Chandigarh Group of Colleges-Jhanjeri, Mohali, Punjab, 140307, India.
⁹ Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia Boris Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, 620002, Russia. drabhinav.urfu@gmail.com.
¹⁰ Department of Technical Sciences, Western Caspian University, Baku, Azerbaijan. drabhinav.urfu@gmail.com.
¹¹ College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq.
¹² College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq.

Abstract

Palladium nanoparticles were supported on L-H-functionalized KIT-6 (KIT-6@L-H-Pd) and evaluated using various characterization techniques such as TGA, FT-IR, SEM, XRD, EDS, and BET. KIT-6@L-H-Pd showed excellent catalytic performance as a recyclable nanocatalyst for the oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides and the amination of aryl halides. This approach offers multiple benefits, including the use of readily available and cost-effective materials, a straightforward procedure, short reaction durations, high yields, and a catalyst that is easy to separate and reuse. Additionally, the catalyst can be recovered and reused multiple times without significant palladium loss or alteration in its activity.

Keywords: Amination; Green; KIT-6; Novel; Sulfoxide.