Complications related to radiofrequency ablation of lung tumors: CT findings and review

Abstract

Radiofrequency ablation is a treatment option for primary and secondary lung tumors, particularly in non-surgical patients. Although it is considered a safe and effective procedure, various complications can occur. Most of these adverse events are self-limiting and can be treated conservatively; however, some may be severe and require intervention. Radiologists play a pivotal role in the diagnosis and follow-up of these conditions, aiding in their early identification and management in clinical practice. They must be familiar with the expected and unexpected imaging post-procedure features. This article reviews the main complications of radiofrequency ablation of lung tumors and their associated CT findings.

Keywords: Lung cancer; Procedure complications; Pulmonary metastasis; Radiofrequency ablation.