Exploring the synergy between emotional intelligence and self-esteem among university students in Ghana

BMC Psychol. 2025 Jan 8;13(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s40359-025-02348-1.

Abstract

Background: The need for educational institutions to create a conducive learning environment for participation of all students in school activities is one of the pillars advocated under Goal 4 of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. While there are structures institutionalized to promote students' well-being, universities are faced with a myriad of challenges which can negatively impact mental health and disrupt the overall learning experiences of students. This study explored the relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Self-Esteem which have been found to influence the mental health of students.

Method: Informed by the cross-sectional design, one thousand and twenty (N = 1020) university students were recruited to self-report their Emotional Intelligence and Self-Esteem. The participants completed the Schutte Emotional Intelligence scale and the Rosenberg's Self-Esteem scale. The data were validated using confirmatory factor analysis, means were computed, followed by multivariate analysis of variance and hierarchical multiple regression.

Results: The study showed that participants were ambivalent on both EI and self-esteem. The hypothesized relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Self-Esteem was supported by the study findings. More so, demographic variables such as gender, religion and programme of study provided further insight into Emotional Intelligence and Self-Esteem of participants.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the researchers of this study called on educators and university administrators to prioritize the Emotional Intelligence and Self-Esteem of students in mental health interventions. The need for partnership between administrators and religious leaders and other study implications, are discussed.

Keywords: Ghana; Mental health; SDG goal 4; University; Well-being.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Emotional Intelligence*
  • Female
  • Ghana
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Self Concept*
  • Students* / psychology
  • Students* / statistics & numerical data
  • Universities
  • Young Adult