Presence of multidrug-resistant bacteria on ready-to-use laryngoscope blades and handles: a cross-sectional study

Am J Infect Control. 2025 Jan 4:S0196-6553(24)00929-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2024.12.018. Online ahead of print.

Abstract

Background: The presence of microorganisms in laryngoscopes emphasizes the risk to patient safety during orotracheal intubations.

Methods: Cross-sectional study was carried out in university hospital in the inpatient, emergency, intensive care and surgical center sectors. Microorganisms were recovered from the blades using a filter membrane and from the handles using swab. They were then sown on blood agar plates and incubated at 35°C (±2°C) for a maximum of five days. Microorganisms were identified by mass spectrometry, antimicrobial susceptibility tests were carried out for pathogenic bacteria. Associations were made using Chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests, and Poisson regression model.

Results: A total of 158 blades and 45 handles were analyzed. Microbial growth was observed on 59.5% of the blades and 64.4% of the handles, with fungi and bacteria isolated, such as Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter sp. Multidrug-resistant bacteria, producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases and carbapenemases, were found.

Conclusion: Multidrug-resistant bacteria were found on ready-to-use laryngoscopes. In the surgical center there was lower probability of microbial growth, while the intensive care sector showed higher probability. This study reinforces the warning that this equipment is a potential source of transmission of microorganisms, especially multi-resistant strains.

Keywords: Bacteria; Disinfection; Equipment Contamination; Laryngoscopes; Multi-Drug Resistance.