Mendelian randomization analysis reveals causal factors behind diabetic nephropathy: evidence, opportunities, and challenges

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024 Dec 13:15:1444808. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1444808. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy (DN), as the most serious minor vascular complication of diabetes, imposes a significant socioeconomic and medical cost around the world, and its prevention and treatment are a major challenge in the current medical community. Observational studies and randomized controlled trials have revealed protective and risk factors for some DN. However, the conclusions of these researches may be influenced by several types of confounding. Mendelian randomization is a new epidemiological method mainly used to infer the causal relationship between exposure and outcome. Many Mendelian randomization studies have found potential causal relationships between DN and some diseases and lifestyle habits, thus providing valuable data for future mechanistic studies as well as the development and implementation of clinical prevention strategies. As a result, the purpose of this review is to evaluate the published Mendelian randomization study of DN, using the bibliometric research method, analyze the current research status and hot spots, and further summarize the genetic evidence about the potential protection of DN and risk factors to provide new inspiration for the etiology of DN and as a reference for clinical intervention.

Keywords: Mendelian randomization; bibliometrics analysis; causal relationship; diabetic nephropathy; genetic variation.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Diabetic Nephropathies* / epidemiology
  • Diabetic Nephropathies* / genetics
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Humans
  • Mendelian Randomization Analysis*
  • Risk Factors

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This article was funded by innovation team and talents cultivation program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (ZYYCXTD-C-202209), Talent Support Program of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Qihuang Scholar (National Education Letter of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2022) No.6), Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Endocrine Metabolic Diseases Science and Technology Industry Innovation Team (2022C012). This article was also funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province (24NSFSC5627).