Loss of glomerular aldolase B in diabetic nephropathy promotes renal fibrosis via activating Akt/GSK/β-catenin axis

J Adv Res. 2024 Dec 24:S2090-1232(24)00605-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.12.027. Online ahead of print.

Abstract

Objective: Diabetic nephropathy (DN), characterized by a complex and multifaceted pathogenesis, stands as the foremost catalyst behind end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This study aims to analyze the level and non-metabolic role of glomerular aldolase B (ALDOB) in DN progression.

Methods: Glomerular proteomics and transcriptome are analyzed from 50 DN patients and 25 controls, respectively. Human kidney biopsy, cultured podocytes and mouse models are employed to study ALDOB levels and function.

Results: ALDOB is strongly downregulated in DN-affected glomeruli, as well as in human and murine podocytes exposed to inflammatory cytokines. ALDOB reduction increases podocyte injury, while adenovirus-mediated ALDOB overexpression leads to substantial alleviation of renal injuries in a diabetic mouse model. Mechanistically, ALDOB reduction triggers the Akt/GSK/β-catenin signaling cascade within podocytes.

Conclusion: Our findings reveal a novel non-metabolic role of glomerular ALDOB in protecting against podocyte injury and renal fibrosis.

Keywords: ALDOB; Akt/GSK/β-catenin axis; Diabetic nephropathy; Glomerulus; Renal fibrosis.