Effects of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl on caudal fin regeneration in zebrafish larvae

Chenkai Ge; Zhijun Ye; Weitao Hu; Jingrong Tang; Huimin Li; Fasheng Liu; Xinjun Liao; Jianjun Chen; Shouhua Zhang; Zigang Cao

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117552

Effects of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl on caudal fin regeneration in zebrafish larvae

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2024 Dec 19:290:117552. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117552. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Chenkai Ge¹, Zhijun Ye², Weitao Hu², Jingrong Tang², Huimin Li², Fasheng Liu², Xinjun Liao², Jianjun Chen³, Shouhua Zhang⁴, Zigang Cao⁵

Affiliations

¹ Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs and Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Biological Invasion and Biosecurity, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China; School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325003, China.
² Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs and Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Biological Invasion and Biosecurity, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China.
³ Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine，Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence，Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China; Institute of Medical Genetics, Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200331, China.
⁴ Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
⁵ Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs and Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Biological Invasion and Biosecurity, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China. Electronic address: zigangcao@126.com.

PMID: 39705973
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117552

Abstract

With the widespread application of pesticides, water pollution problems are becoming more and more serious, which is very likely to cause harm to fish. Lower vertebrates, including fish, have the ability to repair damaged tissues. The spread of pesticides in the water may affect their regeneration process after injury, leading to their death, thereby affecting the survival rate of the population. Therefore, we used zebrafish as a model animal to evaluate the effect of the pesticide pyrazosulfuron-ethyl on caudal fin regeneration in zebrafish larvae. We exposed zebrafish larvae to 0, 5, 15, and 25 mg/L pyrazosulfuron-ethyl at 3 days after caudal fin amputation. It was found that exposure to pyrazosulfuron-ethyl significantly inhibited caudal fin regeneration and affected the behavior of zebrafish larvae. After exposure to pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, proliferating cells decreased and apoptotic cells increased in the caudal fin of zebrafish larvae. Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl exposure resulted in the decreased number of neutrophils and macrophages, and the downregulation of immune related gene expression levels during caudal fin. Using LPS to activate inflammation can effectively rescue the fin regeneration defects induced by pyrazosulfuron-ethyl. However, inhibiting the Notch signaling pathway and inhibiting reactive oxygen cannot rescue the fin regeneration defects induced by pyrazosulfuron-ethyl. Our results indicate that pyrazosulfuron-ethyl can inhibit zebrafish caudal fin regeneration by reducing the number of innate immune cells and affecting the normal process of inflammation, thereby inhibiting caudal fin regeneration. This study expands our understanding of the potential effects of the pesticide pyrazosulfuron-ethyl on injured fish, highlights the link between the immune system and the regeneration process, and demonstrates the potential application of fin regeneration in risk assessments of environmental toxicology to assess drug toxicity.

Keywords: Fin regeneration; Macrophages; Neutrophils; Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl; Zebrafish.