Purpose: To describe the advanced multimodal imaging findings of patients with bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation (BDUMP) and the changes in these findings over time.
Methods: Fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), fundus fluorescein angiography (FA), spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), B-scan ultrasonography (US), and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) images of the patients diagnosed with BDUMP at a single institution between years 2006-2023 were evaluated.
Results: Sixteen eyes of 8 patients with BDUMP were included. The median age was 68 years (Range: 49 - 77 years), and the median follow-up time was 11 months (Range: 1 - 79 months). The most common fundus photography findings were pigmentary changes and diffuse orange pigment patches in the posterior pole. The giraffe/leopard pattern of hyperfluorescence on the posterior pole was the most prominent finding in FAF and FA. Different from previous reports, intraretinal hyperreflective foci, outer retinal tubulations, subretinal fibrosis, and bacillary layer detachment in OCT; optic disc hyperfluorescence, and peripheral vascular leakage in FA; 360° ciliary body thickening, and anterior rotation of the ciliary body in UBM were detected.
Conclusions: We presented various novel multimodal imaging features of BDUMP that may warrant updating current diagnostic criteria and their changes over time. Our newly defined findings also suggest a possible inflammatory component to BDUMP pathogenesis, which may have implications for treatment.