3-Deoxyanthocyanidins: Extraction, stability, and food applications

Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2024 Nov;23(6):e70064. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.70064.

Abstract

3-Deoxyanthocyanidins, a rare class of anthocyanins, have gained increasing popularity due to their notable stability and bioactive properties. The enhanced stability of these colorants is attributed to the absence of a hydroxyl group at the C-3 position. This absence leads to unique response mechanisms to environmental factors, such as pH, temperature, and light exposure. It also results in different interactions with biopolymers and co-pigments. Sorghum is the only dietary source of 3-deoxyanthocyanidins, which predominantly accumulate in the bran where the cell walls are extensively cross-linked. This restricts their extraction, which is the premise of application. Therefore, this review compares the extraction efficiencies of 3-deoxyanthocyanidins using conventional and innovative methods, discusses the qualification and quantification of such colorants, and summarizes factors affecting their stability, highlighting the differences in the behavior of anthocyanins and 3-deoxyanthocyanidins influenced by these factors. This work provides insights for extracting and stabilizing 3-deoxyanthocyanidins and proposes their potential applications in the food system.

Keywords: 3‐deoxyanthocyanidin; co‐pigment; extraction method; food application; stability.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Anthocyanins* / chemistry
  • Sorghum / chemistry

Substances

  • Anthocyanins