Association of metabolic score for insulin resistance with progression or regression of prediabetes: evidence from a multicenter Chinese medical examination cohort study

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024 Nov 11:15:1388751. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1388751. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Objective: Few studies have evaluated the changes in blood glucose status in individuals with prediabetes, and this study aimed to analyze the association between metabolic score for insulin resistance (MetS-IR) and the progression or regression of prediabetes.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used research data from medical examination institutions under the Rich Healthcare Group in 32 regions across 11 cities in China. Progression of prediabetes to diabetes and regression to normal fasting glucose (NFG) were defined based on glycemic changes during follow-up. The association between MetS-IR and the progression or regression of prediabetes was analyzed using multivariate Cox regression, restricted cubic splines, and piecewise regression models.

Results: Data from 15,421 prediabetic subjects were analyzed. Over an average follow-up of 2.96 years, 6,481 individuals (42.03%) returned to NFG, and 2,424 (15.72%) progressed to diabetes. After controlling for confounding factors, an increase in MetS-IR was observed to increase the risk of diabetes onset in the prediabetic population, whereas a decrease in MetS-IR had a protective effect for returning to NFG. Additionally, a nonlinear relationship between MetS-IR and prediabetes regression was observed, with 37.22 identified as the inflection point; prediabetes regression rates were significantly higher before this point and markedly decreased after it.

Conclusion: For individuals with prediabetes, an increase in MetS-IR may lead to an increased risk of diabetes; conversely, a decrease in MetS-IR enhances the protective effect for returning to NFG and keeping MetS-IR below 37.22 is significant for the regression of prediabetes.

Keywords: Chinese; diabetes; metabolic score for insulin resistance; progression of prediabetes; regression of prediabetes.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Blood Glucose* / metabolism
  • China / epidemiology
  • Cohort Studies
  • Disease Progression*
  • East Asian People
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Insulin Resistance*
  • Male
  • Metabolic Syndrome / epidemiology
  • Metabolic Syndrome / metabolism
  • Middle Aged
  • Prediabetic State* / blood
  • Prediabetic State* / epidemiology
  • Prediabetic State* / metabolism
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Blood Glucose

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (No.20232BAB216004 to YZ).