AIM OF THE STUDY: This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and comparative outcomes of endovascular treatments for acute lower limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT), including catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT), pharmacomechanical thrombectomy (PMT), mechanical thrombectomy, and venous stenting, drawing insights from a diverse range of studies.
Materials and methods: A comprehensive literature search identified 33 relevant studies, including randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, systematic reviews, and case reports. Data extraction focused on study design, intervention type, outcome measures, and follow-up duration.
Results: Catheter-directed thrombolysis demonstrates promising results in enhancing venous patency and reducing post-thrombotic syndrome, with careful patient selection being crucial. Pharmacomechanical and mechanical thrombectomy devices offer immediate and long-term benefits, emphasizing individualized patient care. Venous stenting serves as a crucial adjunctive therapy, particularly in cases of residual venous obstruction, though further research is needed for optimal patient selection and long-term outcomes. Timing and selection of endovascular interventions remain critical considerations, necessitating multidisciplinary approaches and ongoing research.
Conclusion: This review provides valuable insights for clinicians and researchers, guiding evidence-based decision-making and shaping future research directions in the dynamic field of endovascular interventions for acute lower limb DVT.
Keywords: Acute vein thrombosis; Catheter-directed thrombolysis; Deep vein thrombosis; Endovascular thrombus removal.
© 2024. The Author(s).