Magnetic carrageenan gum-grafted-polyacrylamide nanocomposite for uptake of cationic dyes from the aquatic systems

Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Dec;283(Pt 2):137796. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.137796. Epub 2024 Nov 16.

Abstract

Using an ex-situ growth approach, this research fabricated k Carrageenan/Polyacrylamide@magnetite nanocomposites (NCs), (k-Car/PAM@Magnetite NCs). The k-Carrageenan (k-Car) backbone was modified through graft polymerization of acrylamide (PAm) via radical polymerization using ammonium persulfate (APS) as the initiator. N'-N' methylenebisacrylamide (MBAA) was used as the cross-linking agent, and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were incorporated to impart magnetic properties. The successful synthesis of the k-Car/PAM@Magnetite NCs was confirmed through various analyses, including FT-IR, FESEM, EDS, XRD, VSM, BET, TGA, and Zeta. The adsorption effectiveness of the NCs for removing methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RhB) from wastewater was evaluated by optimizing experimental parameters such as pH, adsorbent dosage, agitation time, and initial dye concentration. The NCs demonstrated a maximum adsorption capacity according to the Langmuir Isotherm (Qmax) of 204.082 mg. g-1 for MB and 200 mg.g-1 for RhB using 0.004 g of NCs.The adsorption data fit the Freundlich non-linear isotherm model well, and the kinetic data followed a pseudo-second-order (PSO) model. It is evident from the thermodynamic parameters that adsorption is an endothermic process that is spontaneous and favourable. The k-Car/PAM@Magnetite NCs also exhibited excellent regeneration capabilities, maintaining high adsorption efficiency after three consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles.

Keywords: Adsorption; Biodegradable nanocomposite; Cross-linked carrageenan; Methylene blue; Rhodamine B.

MeSH terms

  • Acrylic Resins* / chemistry
  • Adsorption
  • Carrageenan* / chemistry
  • Cations / chemistry
  • Coloring Agents* / chemistry
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Kinetics
  • Magnetite Nanoparticles / chemistry
  • Methylene Blue / chemistry
  • Nanocomposites* / chemistry
  • Rhodamines / chemistry
  • Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
  • Wastewater / chemistry
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical* / chemistry
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical* / isolation & purification
  • Water Purification / methods

Substances

  • Carrageenan
  • polyacrylamide
  • Acrylic Resins
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical
  • Coloring Agents
  • Methylene Blue
  • Magnetite Nanoparticles
  • Rhodamines
  • Wastewater
  • rhodamine B
  • Cations