Study on the effect of chlorogenic acid on the antimicrobial effect, physical properties and model accuracy of alginate impression materials

PeerJ. 2024 Oct 31:12:e18228. doi: 10.7717/peerj.18228. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Background: Dental impressions are essential for accurately capturing the detailed anatomy of teeth and surrounding oral structures. However, these impressions often become contaminated with saliva and blood, making proper disinfection necessary. The application of chemical disinfectants has been associated with negative side effects, leading to suboptimal disinfection practices in clinical settings.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of chlorogenic acid (CA) as a disinfectant for alginate impression materials, the impact of CA disinfection on the physical properties and dimensional accuracy of alginate impressions was also investigated.

Methods: The physical properties of alginate impression materials, such as elastic recovery, strain-in-compression, initial setting time, and fluidity, were assessed after mixing the alginate impression materials with three different concentrations of CA solution (10 mg/mL, 15 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL). To evaluate the antimicrobial effect of CA, alginate impressions mixed with a 10 mg/mL CA solution and impressions mixed with distilled water (control group) were contaminated with four types of microorganism: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Following a five-minute incubation period, a CA solution at a concentration of either 50 mg/mL, 55 mg/mL, or 60 mg/mL was sprayed on the samples for disinfection. Samples were collected at different time intervals (10 min, 20 min, 30 min) and cultured to determine the number of colony-forming units (CFU/mL), providing insight into the antimicrobial efficacy of these CA solutions. The dimensional accuracy of alginate impressions was assessed in three groups: one with alginate impressions mixed with distilled water, another with alginate impressions sterilized with available chlorine (2,000 mg/L) mixed with distilled water, and the last group consisting of alginate impressions mixed with 10 mg/mL CA solution and sprayed with 60 mg/mL CA solution. Both the standard model and the plaster model underwent 3D scanning, and the data were processed and compared by software. The root mean square (RMS) was used as a parameter to evaluate the deviation between models.

Results: All alginate impression materials mixed with either 10 mg/mL, 15 mg/mL, or 20 mg/mL concentrations of CA solution met the ISO 21563 standard for elastic recovery, strain-in-compression, and fluidity. However, only the material mixed with a concentration of 10 mg/mL CA had an initial setting time within the range specified by the T-6505 Japanese industrial standard. The application of CA solution by mixing or spraying showed significant antimicrobial effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. There was no significant difference in the dimensional accuracy of the alginate impressions between the group of the CA solution applied, the blank group, or the chlorine intervention group.

Keywords: Alginate oral impression; Chlorogenic acid; Dimensional accuracy; Disinfection effect; Physical property.

MeSH terms

  • Alginates* / chemistry
  • Alginates* / pharmacology
  • Anti-Infective Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Infective Agents / pharmacology
  • Candida albicans / drug effects
  • Chlorogenic Acid* / chemistry
  • Chlorogenic Acid* / pharmacology
  • Dental Impression Materials* / chemistry
  • Dental Impression Materials* / pharmacology
  • Disinfectants / chemistry
  • Disinfectants / pharmacology
  • Disinfection / methods
  • Escherichia coli / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Materials Testing / methods
  • Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae / drug effects

Substances

  • Dental Impression Materials
  • Alginates
  • Chlorogenic Acid
  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Disinfectants

Grants and funding

The present study was supported by grants from the Chinese medicine science and technology project of Jiangxi Provincial (grant no. 2023Z019), the Scientific Project of Jiangxi Province (grant no. 20224BAB206054), the Science and Technology Program of Health and Family Planning Commission of Jiangxi province Scientific Research (grant no. 202310026), the Chinese medicine science and technology project of Jiangxi Provincial (grant no. 2021Z008), the key Project of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education (grant no. GJJ2200128), the Graduate Innovation Special Fund Project of Jiangxi Provincial (grant no. YC2023-B048). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.