Single-agent Adavosertib Shows Anticancer Effects Against Colorectal Cancer Cells

Anticancer Res. 2024 Nov;44(11):4941-4949. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.17319.

Abstract

Background/aim: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Adavosertib (AZD1775), a small molecule inhibitor of WEE1 kinase, abrogates G2/M cell cycle arrest and induces double-stranded DNA breaks. According to previous findings, adavosertib, in combination with other DNA-damaging agents, causes premature mitosis and cell death in p53-mutated cancer cells mainly via abrogation of the G2/M cell cycle checkpoint. This study aims to evaluate the inhibition of WEE1 kinase by adavosertib as monotherapy in the TP53-wildtype human CRC cell line HCT116.

Materials and methods: In this study, HCT116 cells were treated with different concentrations of adavosertib for 24 to 72 hours. Cell viability was assessed by Water-Soluble Tetrazolium 1 (WST-1) assay and crystal violet assays. Cell migration was evaluated by the wound healing assay. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry.

Results: The IC50 value of adavosertib for the HCT116 cell line was 0.1310 μM. Adavosertib monotherapy (both 0.125 and 0.250 μM) significantly reduced cell viability, inhibited cell migration and abrogated intra-S phase cell cycle arrest. In addition, 0.250 μM of adavosertib significantly induced apoptosis in HCT116 cells.

Conclusion: Adavosertib effectively inhibits the TP53-wildtype HCT116 cells via the abrogation of intra-S phase cell cycle arrest. Our findings suggest that adavosertib monotherapy may be a potential targeted therapy for CRC.

Keywords: Adavosertib; HCT116 cancer cells; WEE1 kinase; colorectal cancer; monotherapy.

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Apoptosis* / drug effects
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / genetics
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / metabolism
  • Cell Movement / drug effects
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / pathology
  • HCT116 Cells
  • Humans
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Pyrazoles* / pharmacology
  • Pyrimidinones* / pharmacology

Substances

  • adavosertib
  • Pyrimidinones
  • Pyrazoles
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • WEE1 protein, human
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors