Latent classes of learners in people with type 2 diabetes, stratified by educational status: A cross-sectional study

Patient Educ Couns. 2025 Jan:130:108466. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2024.108466. Epub 2024 Oct 9.

Abstract

Objective: Research suggests that people with type 2 diabetes (PWT2D) exhibit different approaches to learning about disease-management. This study's aims to identify distinct learner groups among PWT2D and stratify them by educational status (ES).

Methods: Cross-sectional data from 227 PWT2D, collected through 46 Likert-scale questions on learning behaviors, preferences, and attitudes, were analyzed using latent class analysis, to identify learner groups. Participants were recruited via healthcare practices in central Germany and a countrywide online survey. Group membership was displayed according to low, medium, and high ES, defined by years of schooling.

Results: Four learner groups were identified: casual, versatile, insecure, and theorist learners. Insecure learners accounted for almost half of all respondents in the low ES group (46 %), casual learners were most prevalent among PWT2D with a medium (27 %), versatile (34 %) and theorist (29 %) learners among those with a high ES.

Conclusion: This study sheds light on learner groups among PWT2D, which differ by ES, suggesting social disparities in diabetes care. Further research is needed to validate these findings.

Practice implications: Understanding individual learning preferences and motivations is crucial for developing effective diabetes self-management trainings, which may involve providing additional background material for theorists and practical applications for insecure learners.

Keywords: Diabetes self-management education; Latent class analysis; Learning types; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / psychology
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / therapy
  • Educational Status*
  • Female
  • Germany
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
  • Humans
  • Latent Class Analysis
  • Learning*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Self Care
  • Surveys and Questionnaires