Construction of a tumor mutational burden-derived LncRNA prognostic computational framework associated with therapy sensitivity in skin cutaneous melanoma

J Transl Med. 2024 Oct 24;22(1):966. doi: 10.1186/s12967-024-05732-4.

Abstract

Background: Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) poses a significant public health challenge due to its aggressive nature and limited treatment options. To address this, the study introduces the Tumor Mutational Burden-Derived Immune lncRNA Prognostic Index (TILPI) as a potential prognostic tool for SKCM.

Methods: TILPI was developed using a combination of gene set variation analysis, differential expression analysis, and COX regression analysis. Additionally, functional experiments were conducted to validate the findings, focusing on the effects of STARD4-AS1 knockdown on SKCM tumor cell behavior. These experiments encompassed assessments of tumor cell proliferation, gene and protein expression, migration, invasion, and in vivo tumor growth.

Results: The results demonstrated that knockdown of STARD4-AS1 led to a significant reduction in tumor cell proliferation and impaired migration and invasion abilities. Moreover, it resulted in the downregulation of ADCY4, PRKACA, and SOX10 gene expression, as well as decreased protein expression of ADCY4, PRKACA, and SOX10. In vivo experiments further confirmed the efficacy of STARD4-AS1 knockdown in reducing tumor growth.

Conclusions: This study elucidates the mechanistic role of STARD4-AS1 and its downstream targets in SKCM progression, highlighting the importance of the ADCY4/PRKACA/SOX10 pathway. The integration of computational analysis with experimental validation enhances the understanding of TILPI and its clinical implications. Overall, the findings underscore the potential of novel computational frameworks like TILPI in predicting and managing SKCM, particularly through targeting the ADCY4/PRKACA/SOX10 pathway.

Keywords: ADCY4/PRKACA/SOX10 pathway; Immune landscape; STARD4-AS1 knockdown; Skin cutaneous melanoma; Tumor mutational burden.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Movement* / genetics
  • Cell Proliferation* / genetics
  • Computational Biology
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic*
  • Gene Knockdown Techniques
  • Humans
  • Melanoma* / genetics
  • Melanoma* / pathology
  • Melanoma, Cutaneous Malignant*
  • Mice, Nude
  • Mutation* / genetics
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness*
  • Prognosis
  • RNA, Long Noncoding* / genetics
  • RNA, Long Noncoding* / metabolism
  • Skin Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Skin Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Tumor Burden

Substances

  • RNA, Long Noncoding