The prognosis of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is constantly improving. Beside optimization strategies of conventional chemotherapies and close monitoring of treatment response (e.g. by PCR-based measurement of measurable disease, which helps to early identify patients at risk for relapse), the integration of antibody (e.g. anti-CD20)/antibody-based drugs (blinatumomab and inotuzumab-ozogamicin) to frontline and/or salvage therapy protocols led to significant improvements. However, allogeneic HCT still plays a fundamental role in the treatment of high-risk patients in 1st line consolidation and for patients with relapsed/refractory disease.
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