Outcomes of the modern management approach for locally advanced (T3-T4) laryngeal cancer: a retrospective cohort study

J Laryngol Otol. 2024 Dec;138(12):1154-1160. doi: 10.1017/S0022215124001105. Epub 2024 Oct 21.

Abstract

Background: Our centre (Freeman Hospital, Newcatle Upon Tyne NHS Trust) has favoured primary surgery over chemoradiotherapy for specific advanced laryngeal cancer patients (e.g. large-volume tumours, airway compromise, significant dysphagia, T4 disease). This study reports the survival outcomes for a modern, high-volume head and neck centre favouring surgical management to determine whether this approach improves survival.

Method: Retrospective analysis of patient data over a seven-year period from a tertiary cancer centre.

Results: In total, 121 patients were identified with T3 (n = 76) or T4 (n = 45) laryngeal cancer (mean follow up 2.9 years). In the cohort treated with curative intent (n = 104, 86.0 per cent), the 2- and 5-year estimated disease-specific survival rates were 77.9 and 64.1 per cent. chemoradiotherapy had the highest 2-year disease-specific survival (92.5 per cent), followed by surgery with adjuvant therapy (81.8 per cent), radiotherapy alone (75 per cent) and surgery alone (72.4 per cent).

Conclusion: For a centre favouring primary surgery for certain advanced laryngeal cancers, the disease-specific survival appears no higher than that found in the published literature. To enhance survival, future research should focus on precision medicine to define treatment pathways in this disease.

Keywords: chemoradiotherapy; head and neck surgery; larynx; oncology.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / surgery
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / therapy
  • Chemoradiotherapy* / methods
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Laryngeal Neoplasms* / mortality
  • Laryngeal Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Laryngeal Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Laryngeal Neoplasms* / therapy
  • Laryngectomy / methods
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate
  • Treatment Outcome