Selenium promotes broiler myoblast proliferation through the ROS/PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling axis

Poult Sci. 2024 Dec;103(12):104364. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104364. Epub 2024 Sep 27.

Abstract

Selenium (Se), an indispensable trace element in broiler chickens, is closely associated with the growth and development of skeletal muscles. However, the role of Se in the proliferation of broiler myoblasts and its specific biological mechanisms have not been elucidated. In the present study, an in vitro growth model of broiler pectoral myoblasts cultured with Se (Na2SeO3) for 24 h was established. Using light microscopy, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and flow cytometry, we found that compared to the control (Con) group, Se supplemental level obviously promoted myoblast proliferation and prevented cell cycle arrest from the G1 phase to the S + G2 phase. Through intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation detection, western blotting, and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), the study showed that the reduced ROS production caused by Se supplementation significantly decreased PTEN expression and activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in myoblasts, thereby promoting the P53/P21/CyclinD1-regulated cell cycle progression, as well as the expression of proliferation-related myogenic regulatory factors (MRF). Our findings support the potential of Se to maintain the proliferative capacity of chicken myoblasts and emphasize the importance of Se intake in regulating skeletal muscle growth and development in poultry.

Keywords: PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway; ROS; broiler myoblast; proliferation; selenium.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Avian Proteins / genetics
  • Avian Proteins / metabolism
  • Cell Proliferation* / drug effects
  • Chickens*
  • Diet / veterinary
  • Dietary Supplements / analysis
  • Myoblasts* / drug effects
  • Myoblasts* / metabolism
  • PTEN Phosphohydrolase* / genetics
  • PTEN Phosphohydrolase* / metabolism
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases* / genetics
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases* / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt* / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt* / metabolism
  • Reactive Oxygen Species* / metabolism
  • Selenium* / administration & dosage
  • Selenium* / pharmacology
  • Signal Transduction* / drug effects

Substances

  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
  • Selenium
  • PTEN Phosphohydrolase
  • Avian Proteins