Efficacy and safety of anlotinib for triple-negative breast cancer with brain metastases

Zeyu Liu; Ming Li; Ziyi Zhao; Aina Liu; Ping Sun

doi:10.3389/fonc.2024.1439984

Efficacy and safety of anlotinib for triple-negative breast cancer with brain metastases

Front Oncol. 2024 Oct 3:14:1439984. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1439984. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Zeyu Liu¹, Ming Li¹, Ziyi Zhao², Aina Liu¹, Ping Sun¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China.
² Department of Hand and Foot, Microsurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.

Abstract

Background: The anti-angiogenic agent anlotinib offers a new treatment option for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients with brain metastases. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib in the treatment of TNBC patients with brain metastases.

Methods: Between October 2019 and April 2024, 29 TNBC patients with brain metastases who had failed prior therapy and were treated with anlotinib were retrospectively analyzed. The primary endpoint was central nervous system (CNS) progression-free survival (PFS), and secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), intracranial disease control rate (iDCR), intracranial objective response rate (iORR), and safety.

Results: The median CNS PFS of 29 patients was 7.2 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.5-10.9 months), and the median OS was 10.2 months (95% CI, 5.6-14.8 months). The iORR and iDCR were 31.0% and 86.2%, respectively. Five patients (17.2%) experienced grade 3-4 adverse events (AEs), with bone marrow suppression (2/29, 6.9%) being the most common. Most AEs were clinically manageable, and no treatment-related death was observed.

Conclusion: Anlotinib demonstrated encouraging efficacy and manageable toxicity in the treatment of TNBC patients with brain metastases who had failed standard treatment.

Keywords: anlotinib; antiangiogenesis; brain metastases; side effect; triple-negative breast cancer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This research was supported by the Special Fund for Clinical Research on Dynamic Monitoring of Lymphocyte Subsets by Flow Cytometry of Shandong Medical Association (No. YXH2022ZX03218).