Tumor Mutational Burden as a Biomarker of Immunotherapy Response: An Immunogram Approach in Onco-immunology

Afzal Ansari; Suman Kumar Ray; Mukul Sharma; Rakesh Rawal; Pushpendra Singh

doi:10.2174/0115665240266906231024111920

Tumor Mutational Burden as a Biomarker of Immunotherapy Response: An Immunogram Approach in Onco-immunology

Curr Mol Med. 2024;24(12):1461-1469. doi: 10.2174/0115665240266906231024111920.

Authors

Afzal Ansari^{1

2}, Suman Kumar Ray¹, Mukul Sharma¹, Rakesh Rawal³, Pushpendra Singh¹

Affiliations

¹ ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Jabalpur, MP, India.
² Kadi Sarva Vishwavidyalaya, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
³ Department of Life Science, Gujarat University, Gujarat, India.

PMID: 39420726
DOI: 10.2174/0115665240266906231024111920

Abstract

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized cancer treatment by allowing T cells to reactivate. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is a biomarker that has emerged as a viable diagnostic for locating patients who would benefit from immunotherapy in particular cancer types. Greater neo-antigens mean more opportunities for T cell identification, and TMB is clinically linked to better immune checkpoint inhibitors. Tumor foreignness is a cancer immunogram, and TMB can be used as a substitute for foreignness. The role of TMB analysis as an independent predictor of immunotherapy response in the context of immune checkpoint inhibitor medications is the subject of this mini-review.

Keywords: Tumor mutational burden; biomarkers; immune checkpoint inhibitor; immunotherapies.; neo-antigens.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Biomarkers, Tumor* / genetics
Humans
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors* / therapeutic use
Immunotherapy* / methods
Mutation*
Neoplasms* / genetics
Neoplasms* / immunology
Neoplasms* / therapy

Substances

Biomarkers, Tumor
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors