Imaging magnetic transition of magnetite to megabar pressures using quantum sensors in diamond anvil cell

Mengqi Wang; Yu Wang; Zhixian Liu; Ganyu Xu; Bo Yang; Pei Yu; Haoyu Sun; Xiangyu Ye; Jingwei Zhou; Alexander F Goncharov; Ya Wang; Jiangfeng Du

doi:10.1038/s41467-024-52272-y

Imaging magnetic transition of magnetite to megabar pressures using quantum sensors in diamond anvil cell

Nat Commun. 2024 Oct 14;15(1):8843. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-52272-y.

Authors

Mengqi Wang^#^{1

2

3}, Yu Wang^#^{4

5}, Zhixian Liu^#^{1

2

3}, Ganyu Xu^{1

2

3}, Bo Yang^{1

2

3}, Pei Yu^{1

2

3}, Haoyu Sun^{1

2

3}, Xiangyu Ye^{1

2

3}, Jingwei Zhou^{1

2

3

6}, Alexander F Goncharov⁷, Ya Wang^{8

9

10

11}, Jiangfeng Du^{12

13

14

15

16}

Affiliations

¹ CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
² Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Scientific Instrument Development and Application, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
³ CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
⁴ Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China. wangyu@issp.ac.cn.
⁵ Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, 60438, Germany. wangyu@issp.ac.cn.
⁶ Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China.
⁷ Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC, USA.
⁸ CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China. ywustc@ustc.edu.cn.
⁹ Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Scientific Instrument Development and Application, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China. ywustc@ustc.edu.cn.
¹⁰ CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China. ywustc@ustc.edu.cn.
¹¹ Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China. ywustc@ustc.edu.cn.
¹² CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China. djf@ustc.edu.cn.
¹³ Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Scientific Instrument Development and Application, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China. djf@ustc.edu.cn.
¹⁴ CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China. djf@ustc.edu.cn.
¹⁵ Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China. djf@ustc.edu.cn.
¹⁶ Institute of Quantum Sensing and School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China. djf@ustc.edu.cn.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 39397023
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52272-y

Abstract

High-pressure diamond anvil cells have been widely used to create novel states of matter. Nevertheless, the lack of universal in-situ magnetic measurement techniques at megabar pressures makes it difficult to understand the underlying physics of materials' behavior at extreme conditions, such as high-temperature superconductivity of hydrides and the formation or destruction of the local magnetic moments in magnetic systems. Here, we break through the limitations of pressure on quantum sensors by modulating the uniaxial stress along the nitrogen-vacancy axis and develop the in-situ magnetic detection technique at megabar pressures with high sensitivity ( $~ 1 μ T / \sqrt{Hz}$ ) and sub-microscale spatial resolution. By directly imaging the magnetic field and the evolution of magnetic domains, we observe the macroscopic magnetic transition of Fe₃O₄ in the megabar pressure range from ferrimagnetic (α-Fe₃O₄) to weak ferromagnetic (β-Fe₃O₄) and finally to paramagnetic (γ-Fe₃O₄). The scenarios for magnetic changes in Fe₃O₄ characterized here shed light on the direct magnetic microstructure observation in bulk materials at high pressure and contribute to understanding magnetism evolution in the presence of numerous complex factors such as spin crossover, altered magnetic interactions and structural phase transitions.

Abstract

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