Plant-derived exosomes in therapeutic nanomedicine, paving the path toward precision medicine

Min Zheng; Vivek P Chavda; Dixa A Vaghela; Rajashri Bezbaruah; Niva Rani Gogoi; Kaushika Patel; Mangesh Kulkarni; Bairong Shen; Rajeev K Singla

doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156087

Plant-derived exosomes in therapeutic nanomedicine, paving the path toward precision medicine

Phytomedicine. 2024 Sep 26:135:156087. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156087. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Min Zheng¹, Vivek P Chavda², Dixa A Vaghela³, Rajashri Bezbaruah⁴, Niva Rani Gogoi⁵, Kaushika Patel⁶, Mangesh Kulkarni⁷, Bairong Shen⁸, Rajeev K Singla⁹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmacy and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Center for High Altitude Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; West China Tianfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610218, China.
² Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L.M College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujrat, India. Electronic address: vivek7chavda@gmail.com.
³ Pharmacy section, L.M College of Pharmacy Ahmedabad 380009, Gujrat, India.
⁴ Department of Pharmacology, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam.
⁵ Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam.
⁶ Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, L. J. Institute of Pharmacy, LJ University, Ahmedabad 382210, Gujarat, India.
⁷ Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, L. J. Institute of Pharmacy, LJ University, Ahmedabad 382210, Gujarat, India; Department of Pharmaceutics, Gandhinagar Institute of Pharmacy, Gandhinagar University, Moti Bhoyan, Khatraj-Kalol Road 382721, Gujarat, India.
⁸ Institutes for Systems Genetics, West China Tianfu Hospital, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
⁹ Department of Pharmacy and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Center for High Altitude Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India. Electronic address: rajeevsingla26@gmail.com.

PMID: 39388922
DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156087

Abstract

Background: Plant-derived exosomes (PDEs), are nanoscale vesicles secreted by multivesicular bodies, play pivotal roles in critical biological processes, including gene regulation, cell communication, and immune defense against pathogens. Recognized for their potential health-promoting properties, PDEs are emerging as innovative components in functional nutrition, poised to enhance dietary health benefits.

Purpose: To describe the efficacy of PDEs in nanoform and their application as precision therapy in many disorders.

Study design: The design of this review was carried out in PICO format using randomized clinical trials and research articles based on in vivo and in vitro studies.

Methods: All the relevant clinical and research studies conducted on plant-derived nanovesicle application and efficacy were included, as retrieved from PubMed and Cochrane, after using specific search terms. This review was performed to determine PDEs' efficacy as nanomedicine and precision therapy. Sub-group analysis and primary data were included to determine the relationship with PDEs.

Result: PDEs are extracted from plant materials using sophisticated techniques like precipitation, size exclusion, immunoaffinity capture, and ultracentrifugation, encapsulating vital molecules such as lipids, proteins, and predominantly microRNAs. Although their nutritional impact may be minimal in small quantities, the broader application of PDEs in biomedicine, particularly as vehicles for drug delivery, underscores their significance. They offer a promising strategy to improve the bioavailability and efficacy of therapeutic agents carrying nano-bioactive substances that exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardioprotective, and anti-cancer activities.

Conclusion: PDEs enhance the therapeutic potency of plant-derived phytochemicals, supporting their use in disease prevention and therapy. This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted aspects of PDEs, including their isolation methods, biochemical composition, health implications, and potential to advance medical and nutritional interventions.

Keywords: Application; Bioactive compound; Natural exosomes; Novel drug delivery systems; Plant-derived exosomes; Surface-engineered PDEs.

Publication types

Review