Structure, antioxidant activity, and neuroprotective effect of black soybean (Glycine max (L.) merr.) protein hydrolysates

Lulu Li; Yang Yang; Chun-Min Ma; Bing Wang; Xin Bian; Guang Zhang; Xiao-Fei Liu; Na Zhang

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141390

Structure, antioxidant activity, and neuroprotective effect of black soybean (Glycine max (L.) merr.) protein hydrolysates

Food Chem. 2024 Sep 27;463(Pt 4):141390. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141390. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Lulu Li¹, Yang Yang¹, Chun-Min Ma¹, Bing Wang¹, Xin Bian¹, Guang Zhang¹, Xiao-Fei Liu¹, Na Zhang²

Affiliations

¹ College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China.
² College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China. Electronic address: foodzhangna@163.com.

PMID: 39362092
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141390

Abstract

The potential biological properties of protein hydrolysates have generated considerable research interest. This study was to hydrolyze black soybean protein (BSP) using five different commercial enzymes, and elucidate the influence of these enzymes on the structure and biological activities of the resulting hydrolysates. Enzymatic treatment changed secondary and tertiary structures of BSP, decreased particle size, α-helix and β-sheet. Alcalase hydrolysate had the highest hydrolytic degree (29.84 %), absolute zeta potential (38.43 mV), the smallest particle (149.87 nm) and molecular weight (<3 kDa). In silico revealed alcalase hydrolysate had the strongest antioxidant potential. This finding was further validated through the lowest IC₅₀ (mg/mL) in DPPH (2.67), ABTS (0.82), Fe²⁺ chelating (1.33) and·OH (1.12). Moreover, cellular antioxidant assays showed alcalase hydrolysate had the strongest cytoprotective effects on H₂O₂-induced PC12 cells. These results suggest BSPEHs, especially those prepared by alcalase, have potential as bioactive ingredients for nutrition, healthcare and food industry.

Keywords: Antioxidant activity; Black soybean protein; Enzymatic hydrolysis; Neuroprotective effect; Structure.