Changes in Innate Immunity and Microbiome in Different Aging Phenotypes

Bull Exp Biol Med. 2024 Sep;177(5):658-661. doi: 10.1007/s10517-024-06244-3. Epub 2024 Sep 28.

Abstract

The indicators of innate immunity and the composition of the microbiome in the nasopharyngeal mucosa in centenarians with different aging phenotypes were analyzed. A significant increase in the expression of pattern-recognizing receptor genes (TLR2, TLR4, and NLRP3) and proinflammatory cytokines (IL1B, IL18) was shown in the group of centenarians with pathological aging phenotype. In centenarians with successful aging phenotype, increased diversity of the microbiome composition was observed. At the same time, a moderate inverse correlation was found between an increase in the growth of the commensal bacterium Streptococcus salivarius and a decrease in the expression of proinflammatory cytokine genes IL1B and IL18. These findings can serve as biomarkers for the timely identification of the phenotype of aging in senile and elderly people.

Keywords: NOD-like receptors; Toll-like receptors; cytokines; inflammaging; microbiome.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aging* / genetics
  • Aging* / immunology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunity, Innate* / genetics
  • Interleukin-18 / genetics
  • Interleukin-18 / metabolism
  • Interleukin-1beta / genetics
  • Interleukin-1beta / immunology
  • Interleukin-1beta / metabolism
  • Male
  • Microbiota* / genetics
  • Microbiota* / immunology
  • NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein / genetics
  • NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein / immunology
  • NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein / metabolism
  • Nasopharynx / immunology
  • Nasopharynx / microbiology
  • Phenotype
  • Toll-Like Receptor 2* / genetics
  • Toll-Like Receptor 2* / metabolism
  • Toll-Like Receptor 4* / genetics
  • Toll-Like Receptor 4* / immunology
  • Toll-Like Receptor 4* / metabolism

Substances

  • Toll-Like Receptor 2
  • Toll-Like Receptor 4
  • Interleukin-1beta
  • Interleukin-18
  • TLR4 protein, human
  • TLR2 protein, human
  • IL1B protein, human
  • IL18 protein, human
  • NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein