Immune Mechanisms and Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Ioannis Parodis; Christopher Sjöwall

doi:10.3390/ijms25189965

Immune Mechanisms and Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Sep 15;25(18):9965. doi: 10.3390/ijms25189965.

Authors

Ioannis Parodis^{1

2}, Christopher Sjöwall³

Affiliations

¹ Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
² Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden.
³ Division of Inflammation and Infection/Rheumatology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden.

Abstract

The immense heterogeneity of the chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), both with regard to immunological aberrancies and clinical manifestations, poses diagnostic difficulties and challenges in the management of patients [...].

Publication types

Editorial
Introductory Journal Article

MeSH terms

Animals
Biomarkers*
Humans
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* / diagnosis
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* / immunology

Substances

Biomarkers

Grants and funding

I.P. has received grants from the Swedish Rheumatism Association (R-995882), King Gustaf V’s 80-year Anniversary Foundation (FAI-2023-1055), Swedish Society of Medicine (SLS-974449), Nyckelfonden (OLL-1000881), Professor Nanna Svartz Foundation (2021-00436), Ulla and Roland Gustafsson Foundation (2024-43), Region Stockholm (FoUI-1004114), and Karolinska Institutet. C.S. has received grants from the Swedish Rheumatism Association (R-993724), Region Östergötland (RÖ-960604), Njurfonden (F2023-0030), Ulla and Roland Gustafsson Foundation (2023-36), the King Gustaf V’s 80-year Anniversary Foundation (FAI-2020-0663), and the King Gustaf V and Queen Victoria’s Freemasons Foundation (2021).