Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of lung is a rare neuroendocrine carcinoma subtype with difficulty in early diagnosis and poor prognosis which is treated with standard strategies of small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. In recent years, the precise types of LCNEC and its response to therapy have been identified by next-generation sequencing. Some researches have also found the correlation between different subtypes of LCNEC and the efficacy of chemotherapy regimens. However, there is no consensual agreement of its therapy. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has provided a new option for LCNEC patients based on some retrospective research data and case reports. In this review, we aimed to summarize the epidemiological characteristics, standard therapy, the advances of molecular subtypes and clinical applications of ICIs of LCNEC, so as to provide optimal systemic clinical decision-making for LCNEC patients. .
【中文题目：肺大细胞神经内分泌癌的治疗进展】 【中文摘要：肺大细胞神经内分泌癌（large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, LCNEC）是一种罕见且高度侵袭性的高级别神经内分泌癌，患者确诊时分期偏晚，预后差，其治疗策略多借鉴小细胞肺癌和非小细胞肺癌的方案。近年来，二代测序技术为LCNEC的精准分型提供了理论基础，研究也证实了不同LCNEC亚型与化疗方案疗效之间的关联性。免疫检查点抑制剂（immune checkpoint inhibitors, ICIs）的应用，为LCNEC患者提供了新的治疗选择，但相关数据仅见于小样本的回顾性研究和少量个案报道。本文回顾了LCNEC的流行病学特征和经典治疗策略，并针对LCNEC的分子亚型研究进展和ICIs的应用进展进行综述，为临床治疗提供新思路。 】 【中文关键词：肺大细胞神经内分泌癌；分子分型；免疫检查点抑制剂】.
Keywords: Immune checkpoint inhibitors; Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma; Molecular subtype.